The kit uses specific primers and novel probes to detect 13 mutations in NRAS exons 2, 3, and 4 with outstanding sensitivity and specificity. NRAS is a member of the RAS gene family of GTPases and is critical for the MAPK signaling pathway. NRAS mutations in exon 2 (codon 12/13), exon 3 (codon 61), and exon 4 (codon 146) have been discovered in various cancers, such as melanoma (13-25%), colorectal cancer (1-6%), lung cancer (1%), hepatocellular carcinoma (10%), myeloid leukemias (14%), and thyroid carcinoma (7%).